«Windows IT Pro» , 07, 2003 1106
Windows
, , . Windows ...
![]() |
— ! — . — ... ... — , , , ? — . — , - . |
| . (. ) |
, , . Windows , , . .
, , , . , , IP- , . . , Windows : Lan Manager, NT Lan Manager, NT Lan Manager version 2 Kerberos version 5.
LM
Lan Manager (LM), Microsoft IBM, Windows NT Windows 95 Lan Manager. . , LM . @stake LC 4 ( L0phtCrack, http://www.atstake.com/research/lc/). NT — Web-, LM (http://lasecpc13.epfl.ch/ntcrack, http://www.antsight.com/zsl/rainbowcrack/).
, Active Directory. «» Windows 9x , .
LM , , . , . . NTLMv2. Windows 9x Active Directory Services (ADSC) (http://www.microsoft.com/windows2000/adclients). Windows NT 4.0 NTLMv2 (Service Pack 4). Windows NT 4.0, Active Directory, ADSC, NTLMv2. ADSC Windows NT 4.0 Microsoft. Windows 9x - Windows 2000 Clients.
ADSC — , . , . , , 1. Netlogon ( w2ksrv06) dsclients, w9x nt4. ADSC Windows 9x NT 4.0 . , ADSC. ADSC Windows NT 4.0.
1.
Active Directory ds.bat @echo off if «%OS%»==»» GoTo :W9x :NT if not «%CommonProgramFiles%»==»» GoTo :Eof if exist %windir%system32ActiveDS.dll GoTo :Eof net use z: /delete /yes net use z: w2ksrv06 etlogon /yes z: ifmember Administrators if not errorlevel 1 (notepad.exe notadmin.txt & goTo :Eof) notepad.exe z:dsinst.txt regedit -s z: t4.reg cd dsclients t4 setup /Q GoTo :Eof :W9X if exist %windir%systemActiveDS.dll GoTo :Eof net use z: w2ksrv06 etlogon /yes regedit -s z:win98.reg z: cd dsclientsw9x setup /Q notepad.exe z:dsinst.txt :Eof |
. . Windows 9x %OS% , , W9X. , ADSC. , %windir%systemActiveDS.dll. , . Z , , win98.reg , .
, ( ADSC ). dsinst.txt, , , , . .
%OS% , %Common
ProgramFiles%. Windows 2000, ADSC Windows NT 4.0.
ADSC Windows NT 4.0 , . , , Administrators ( NT «»). ifmember Resource Kit, Microsoft (http://www.microsoft.com/windows2000/techinfo/ reskit/tools/new/ifmember-o.asp). , 1,16 M, 115 . Netlogon .
, notadmin.txt, . , , . , :
net localgroup Administrators %username% /delete
, LM NTLMv2, , win98.reg nt.reg (. 2).
2. NTLMv2 Windows 9x/NT 4.0 (win98. reg) REGEDIT4 [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESystemCurrentControlSet ControlLSA] «LMCompatibility»=dword:00000003 (nt.reg) REGEDIT4 [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSet ControlLsa] «LMCompatibilityLevel»=dword:00000003 [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSet ControlLsaMSV1_0] «NtlmMinServerSec»=dword:00080000 «NtlmMinClientSec «=dword:00080000 |
Windows 98 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESystemCurrentControlSet ControlLSALMCompatibility, Windows NT 4.0 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSet ControlLsaLMCompatibilityLevel. , NT 4.0 NTLM. Microsoft Q147706, Q239869.
LM Windows 2000
LM Windows 2000 . Computer Configuration — Windows Settings — Security Settings — Local Policies — Security Options — LAN Manager Authentication Level (Send NTLMv2 Response Only). LM.
, LM . OU Domain Controllers LAN Manager Authentication Level (Send NTLMv2 response only efuse LM). , , NTLM, , , ADSC NTLM . , , LM, ds.bat . Windows 98/NT 4.0 , .
LM , LM, . , Windows 98, LMCompatibility 0, . , LM- (, LM-, ) , . .
, Windows 9x PWL, , . , , Q137826, HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESoftware MicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionPoliciesNetwork DisablePwdCaching 1.
LM (. Q299656). Windows 2000 SP2 , HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSet ControlLsaNoLMHash . LM . , (. « », Windows & .NET Magazine, 1 2003 ) Microsoft 214752. %windir%infSceregvl.inf :
— [Register Registry Values]
MACHINESystemCurrentControlSetControlLsa NoLMHash,4,%NoLMHash%,0
— [Strings]
NoLMHash = «Network security: Do not store LAN Manager hash value on next password change»
regsvr32 scecli.dll .
NTLMv2. NTLMv2, Windows 9x+ADSC/NT SP4/2000/XP/2003, 9x/NT. - , , , 4 . (16- Athlon 1,4 ), 21 (http://www.blackhat.com/presentations/win-usa-02/urity-winsec02.ppt).
. LocalSystem , . , , SQL, , . , , , , . , , , .
, (. 3)
( ) , . ( — services.txt). , , . , . , sqlsrv1 sqlsrv2 Dom, SQL Server SqlSrv, Cluster0 Cluster1.
Domsqlsrv1 SqlSrvMSSQLSERVER Domsqlsrv2 Cluster0MSSQLSERVER Cluster1MSSQLSERVER
, , . (SQL Server, Internet Information Server, Exchange Server) , . , , SQL Server, SQL Server Authentication, ( UNICODE XOR 0xA5). IIS Basic , usa-ascii BASE64. , «» SMTP, BASIC, . , , , , IIS SMTP, .
(NTLM), SSL.
, NTLM . , Web- IIS + SQL , IIS NTLM, SQL SQL Server Authentication , (. Q248187). , .
Kerberos
Kerberos. , , ( , IIS), . , IIS Kerberos ( IIS 5.0 Internet Explorer 5.0 ) , IIS, . Micorosft Q319723. , IIS NTLM (NTAuthenticationProviders = Negotiate), Kerberos (, , IP-, FQDN) Internet Explorer NTLMv2. , Q215383 adsutil.vbs. a :
cscript adsutil.vbs set w3svc/NTAuthenticationProviders Negotiate,NTLM
Windows Server 2003 . , , . , , Kerberos. Kerberos Windows Server 2003 «Windows .NET Server Kerberos» (Windows & .NET Magazine, 2003, 2).
, Kerberos v 5, Windows 2000/XP/2003, , Lan Manager, . , . , AS-, , . , , Kerberos . , , - (a-z, A-Z, 0-9), 100 , Pentium IV 1,5 247 . Pentium IV 1,5 6,4 (http://www.brd.ie/papers/w2kkrb/feasibility_of_w2k_ kerberos_attack.htm). , .
, : A-Z, a-z, 0-9, ~-+ () ALT-. ALT- ALT . ALT- Windows 2000 Security Hardening Guide (http://www.microsoft.com/technet/security/prodtech/ Windows/Win2kHG/03OSInstl.asp).
:
- ;
- .
, . , . .
Active Directory , . , Computer Configuration — Windows Settings — Security Settings — Account Policies — Password Policy, , , , . . « » (Windows & .NET Magazine/RE 3, 2003), Microsoft Q151082.
. , . :
- ;
- (, . .);
- ;
- , . .
, , , , «» , Cain & Abel (http://www.oxid.it/). , .
. , , , — , , .
, , . — (Smart Card). , , , , .
— , MCSE. : Gordey@infosec.ru.












